Metabolic syndrome : (Reaven’s syndrome)
Hyperinsulinaemia
Type 2 diabetes or glucose intolerance
Hypertension
Hypertriglyceridemia
Low HDLLater additions to the syndrome:
Central obesity
Impaired fibrinolysis
Pro coagulant
Hyperuricaemia
Microalbuminuria
WHO, IDF and ATP III have slightly different definitions for the Metabolic syndrome, but it seems like the WHO criteria may identify a greater number of obese adults at risk for CVD. International Journal of Obesity (2005) 29, 668-674 To make definition and screening of patients with the Metabolic syndrome easier, the International Diabetes Federation has come up with a slight variation, including the fasting blood sugar as a satisfactory measure (thus incorporating the ATP III recommendations) Download the latest definition of Metabolic syndrome (IDF consensus statement. PDF format)
The importance of identifying and defining the metabolic syndrome is partly due to the fact that the total cardiovascular risk attributable to the syndrome seems to exceed the sum of the risk from each of the separate components. Diabet Med. 2004 Jan;21(1):52-8. Studies have demonstrated that the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is associated with worse glycaemia, increasing albuminuria and worsening creatinine clearance even in type I patients. Diabetes Care. 2005 Aug;28(8):2019-24.